Difference between Mitosis and Meiosis

Cell division is one of the essential processes in multicellular organisms, since it begins in one cell and then gives rise to the other cells. The processes of reproduction and cell division are classified into two types; mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the process of cell division that takes place in both sexual and asexual reproductive organisms, while meiosis is the type of cell division that only takes place in sexual reproductive organisms. In mitosis, the single parent cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells, where the number of chromosomes in both the mother and daughter cells remains the same; on the other hand, in meiosis the nucleus of the cell gives rise to the cell of the four gametes, which has half the number of chromosomes compared to the original cell.

Comparative chart

Mitosis is known as equational cell division, since in this process the number of chromosomes in the stem and daughter cells remains the same. In this type of cell division, the stem cell divides into two daughter cells. The process of mitosis takes place both in organisms that reproduce sexually and asexually. Mitosis occurs in the somatic cell of the organism’s body and results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis is useful for the process of growth of fibers, tissues and organic growth of tissues in the body of the organism. It is mainly made up of the four main phases; Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. As we know that mitosis occurs in all organisms, regardless of their sexual or asexual reproductive nature, When this process takes place in plants, it has an additional phase, known as preprophase that occurs before prophase. In mitosis, the cell divides only once, and the stem cell divides into two daughter cells. The chromosome duplication process takes place in the early stages of prophase and the division of the centromeres takes place during anaphase. Prophase in mitosis is much simpler and can be performed in a few hours, while prophase in meiosis is complex and is divided into the following phases: zygotene, leptotene, pachytene, diplomotene, and diakinesis. The chromosome duplication process takes place in the early stages of prophase and the division of the centromeres takes place during anaphase. The prophase in mitosis is much simpler and can be performed in a few hours, while the prophase in meiosis is complex and is divided into the following phases: zygotene, leptotene, pachytene, diplomotene and diakinesis. The chromosome duplication process takes place in the early stages of prophase and the division of the centromeres takes place during anaphase. The prophase in mitosis is much simpler and can be performed in a few hours, while the prophase in meiosis is complex and is divided into the following phases: zygotene, leptotene, pachytene, diplomotene and diakinesis.

What is meiosis?

Meiosis is known as the reduction of cell division, since the number of chromosomes is reduced by half when the original cell divides into the four gametes or sex cells. It is worth mentioning that the meiosis process takes place in the germ cells of organisms, since this division process is only limited to organisms that reproduce sexually. The meiosis process consists of the following phases and steps: (Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I; (Meiosis 2) Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. In this type of cell division, the Karyokinesis process takes place at Interface I and the division of the centromeres takes place during anaphase II, not during anaphase I. In meiosis, cell division takes place twice, leading to the formation of the four gametes or sex cells. Although the division of chromosomes occurs only once. The number of chromosomes is reduced to haploid from the diploid. This process of cell division is quite useful, since it actively participates in the formation of meispores or gametes, which leads to the production of offspring after the mating process between the parental cells.

• The process of mitosis takes place in reproductive organisms both sexually and asexually, while meiosis is the process of cell division, which is only limited to organisms that reproduce sexually.
• Mitosis takes place in the somatic cells of the body of the organism, while meiosis takes place in the germ cells of the body of the organism.
• In mitosis, the cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. On the other hand, in meiosis, the cell divides in such a way that it leads to the formation of four gametes or sex cells.
• The number of chromosomes in stem and daughter cells remains the same in mitosis, whereas in meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced to haploid from diploid.
• The prophase in mitosis is much simpler and can be performed in a few hours, while the prophase in meiosis is complex and is divided into the following phases: zygotene, leptotene, pachytene, diplomotene and diakinesis.