Difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia

The main difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia is that hypertrophy means increasing the size of the cell, whereas hyperplasia means increasing the number of cells …

Hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia

Hypertrophy occurs mainly in cells that do not divide, such as skeletal and cardiac muscles. Hyperplasia generally occurs in susceptible cells. Hypertrophy is regulated without the ability to replicate. Hyperplasia is regulated with the ability to replicate. When a person is constantly exercising, hypertrophy can occur and the muscle becomes enlarged from normal size. During hyperplasia, muscle fibers begin to increase in number in a certain area of ​​the worked muscle.

Hypertrophy is a physiological process. Hyperplasia is a growth process that is mainly controlled by growth hormones. Hypertrophy term derived from a Greek word meaning “excess nutrition.” The term hyperplasia is also derived from a Greek word, which means “on training.” Hypertrophy further leads to an increase in the size of the organ. Hyperplasia leads to organ enlargement. The hypertrophy process is due to increased cellular protein production; however, the hyperplasia process is due to increased proliferation of the growth fraction of mature cells.

The hypertrophy process is the result of when there is an increase in the cell’s cytoplasm and other cytoplasmic organelles. Rather, the hyperplasia process is the result of mitotic cell division. Hypertrophy in myocardial tissues is basically associated with abnormal tissues of the heart. Endometrial cell hyperplasia is normally associated with the level of estrogen production. During hypertrophy in contractile cells, there is an increase in muscle fibers rather than cellular organelles. Hyperplasia in thyroid cells is regulated by the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

What is hypertrophy?

The word hypertrophy means the increase in the volume of permanent cells to enlarge the tissues of a specific organ. Hypertrophy is of two types. One is physiological hypertrophy and another is pathological hypertrophy. An increase in tissue volume due to hypertrophy is the cause of tissue cell swelling. There is no increase in the volume of tissue of an organ due to the enrichment of adhesions, the accumulation of fat or the multiplication of cells. The solid reason for hypertrophy is the enlargement of the cell of a tissue of an organ. It occurs in permanent cells of the body, that is, skeletal muscles, etc.

Mainly due to the increased demand for muscle size, hypertrophy occurs. According to the lawsuit, the tissue has two different activities in terms of muscle size. The tissue shows physiological hypertrophy and returns to its original state after the demand to increase muscle size subsides. As the demands changed, so did the type of hypertrophy. But if pathological hypertrophy occurs in a specific tissue, after removal of the suit, the tissue does not return to its original or initial size.

Hypertrophy categories

• Compensatory hypertrophy: occurs in case of increased load.
• Regenerative hypertrophy: a part of an organ has died and the remaining part begins to increase the volume of cells to function properly, for example, liver cells after disease or therapy.
• Vicarious Hypertrophy: Loss of one side of the organ that ensures that the other healthy side of the organ functions efficiently, such as the kidney after a kidney is removed.

Hyperplasia is the mitotic division of cells and cells proliferate to increase the number of tissues. Hyperplasia often leads to tissue growth. Hyperplasia is a response to a chemical stimulus. When cells receive stimuli, they begin to grow. In the absence of a stimulus cell, it stops responding to the action and eventually cells stop growing or dividing. That is why it is concluded that the hyperplasia process is under the control of growth hormones. An increase in tissue is the result of a gradual increase in the number of cells, which can lead to the enlargement of the size of certain organs.

Hyperplasia also occurs in the liver, which is called “compensatory hyperplasia.” In this type of hyperplasia, the liver is stimulated to divide its cells and produce more cells to perform function efficiently after acute injury. Another form of hyperplasia is “sebaceous hyperplasia.” In this type of hyperplasia after injury, the smooth yellowish skin of new cells begins to appear on the skin. The stimulus of dividing cells is not obtained by special cells, but by normal cells, which increased even more in number.

Hemihyperplaisa is also an example of hyperplasia. In this type of hyperplasia, any part of the body that affects or damages begins to regenerate the limbs, skin, etc. Another example of hyperplasia is the multiplication of the milk-secreting glandular cells of the female breast at the time of pregnancy, which is the time to prepare the breast for feeding the baby.

1. Cells that do not have the ability to divide show hypertrophy, while cells that have the ability to divide can only show the property of hyperplasia.
2. Cells that do not divide are affected due to hypertrophy; on the other hand, dividing cells are affected due to hyperplasia.
3. Hypertrophy is caused by increased hormonal stimulation; on the contrary, the hyperplasia was increased by the requirement of the G0 phase of the cell.
4. An important feature of hypertrophy is enlargement; on the other hand, an important feature of hyperplasia is cell division.
5. Hypertrophy refers to increased demand, while hyperplasia refers to excessive cellular stimulation.
6. Hypertrophy is associated with increased cytoplasmic material, although hyperplasia is associated with mitotic division.
7. Hypertrophy is not regulated by the level of the hormone compared to hyperplasia, which is mainly regulated by the level of the hormone.
8. The hypertrophy process is less synchronized compared to the hyperplasia process, which is more synchronized.
9. Hypertrophy occurs mainly in the tissues of the myocardium. However, hyperplasia occurs mainly in thyroid cells.
10. Hypertrophy is built into the abnormality. On the other hand, hyperplasia is related to normal cell division.

Final Thought

It is concluded that hypertrophy deals with size and hyperplasia to deal with the number of cells.