The main difference between genomics and proteomics is that genomics is the complete study of the genes that are present in the genome of a cell, while proteomics is the complete study of the proteins that are generally produced by cells. .

Genomics vs. proteomics

Genomics comprises genome analysis, sequencing, and mapping, while proteomics contains the three-dimensional structures and function of proteins and various protein-protein relationships. Genomics is classified into two types: functional genomics and structural genomics, while proteomics is classified into three types which are functional, structural and expression proteomics.

Important areas of genomics are genome sequencing projects, which include the Human Genome Project; On the other hand, several important areas of proteomics are proteome database developments, which are software development for computer-aided drug design and SWISS-2DPAGE. Genomics is the study of complete genes in organisms; on the contrary, proteomics is generally the study of complete proteins in various cells.

In genomics, the genome is usually constant and all cells have the same set of genes in all organisms; conversely, in proteomics, the proteome is usually variable and dynamic and the entire set of proteins is formed in various tissues of organisms that confer gene expression. In genomics, the study of genes plays an important role in understanding the function, location, structure, and regulation of genes in organisms; on the other hand, in proteomics, the study of proteins helps to understand the structure and functions of proteins in cells.

Comparative chart

The term genomics is defined as the complete study of genes in the entire genome of the cell in all organisms. The genome that is present in the cells of organisms contains all the genetic material, which is mainly made up of DNA. A high level of techniques is used for genome analysis, genome sequencing and mapping.

Several gene sequencing strategies are used in genomics, which are sequencing, construction of expressed sequence tags (ESTs), whole genome shotgun sequencing, identification of targeted genes, identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP) and the analysis or explanation of sequenced data using different software and databases. Genomics is classified into two types: functional genomics and structural genomics.

Types

• Functional genomics: The vital role and various functions of genes in cells in modifying metabolic actions are studied in functional genomics.
• Structural Genomics: The relative positions and structure of genes are studied in structural genomics.

What is proteomics?

The term proteomics is defined as the complete study of proteins, which are generally produced by the cells of all organisms. Proteomes are generally the complete set of proteins that are normally produced by the various cells of all organisms. Proteomics contains the three-dimensional structures and function of proteins and various protein-protein relationships.

Several techniques are involved in the proteomic process, for example, digestion of proteins with the use of trypsin in fragments of minimal size, extraction and electrophoretic separation of proteins, identification of proteins using the information in the protein database, determination of the amino acid sequence by mass spectrometry. Proteomics is classified into three types which are functional, structural and expression proteomics.

1. Genomics is the study of the total genetic complement of organisms; on the contrary, proteomics is generally the study of the total proteins present in various cells.
2. Genomics consists of genome analysis, sequencing, and mapping; on the other hand, proteomics consists of the structures and functions of proteins present in cells.
3. Genomics is classified into two types, functional genomics and structural genomics, while proteomics is classified into three types that are functional, structural and expression proteomics.
4. The significant areas of genomics are genome sequencing projects, which includes the Human Genome Project; on the other hand, the vital parts of proteomics are proteome database developments, including the development of computer-aided drug design software.
5. In genomics, the genetic complement always remains the same; on the contrary, in proteomics, the protein complement always changes and all the sets of proteins that are formed are related to gene expression.
6. In genomics, the study of genes plays an important role in determining the function and regulation of genes in an individual; on the other hand, in proteomics, the study of proteins plays an important role in determining the structure and functions of all proteins in cells.

Final Thought

The above discussion concludes that in genomics, the genome is usually the same, and all cells have the same set of genes in all organisms, and genomics is usually the complete study of the genes that are present in the genome of a cell. . Whereas proteomics is the complete study of proteins that are generally produced by cells, and the proteome generally fluctuates and is dynamic, and all sets of proteins are formed in various tissues of organisms that confer gene expression.