Difference Between Acid-Base Titration and Redox Titration

The main difference between acid-base titration and redox titration is that acid-base titration takes place in the presence of acid and a base while redox titration takes place in the presence of two redox species.

Acid-base titration vs. redox titration

Acid-base titration occurs in the presence of acid as well as a base to form the resultant, but redox titration occurs in the presence of two redox species, that is, they are capable of being oxidized and reduced so that the resultant can be obtained. .

Although the acid-base titration process carries out the reaction that leads to the formation of water molecules, it is known as the neutralization reaction and is the main reason why this titration is carried out; however, only oxidation and reduction reactions take place in the redox titration. As one of the substances is reduced and the other is oxidized to complete the process.

The indicators used in acid-base titrations are commonly the acids or bases involved with which the chemical reaction is carried out, that is, a special indicator is not required for this type of reaction, such as the pH meter that is used. used to determine the end point. In contrast, redox reactions, as they are carried out with redox species, require special redox indicators for this indication of the reaction.

Acid-base titrations are comparatively more common and their reaction can take place between any acid or base regardless of the specified substances. It also does not depend on the strength or weakness of the acids and bases involved in the reaction. But, in the case of redox titrations, these types of titrations are very specific as they require substances that can be reduced or oxidized and thus are seen to occur commonly among d-block elements.

Comparison chart

In acid-base titration reactions, acids and bases are used as titrants. Some of the examples of commonly used acids are H ₂ SO ₄ , HNO ₃ or HCL etc. in the same way that the most commonly used bases in these reactions are K ₂ CO ₃ , Na ₂ CO ₃ or NaOH, etc. Acid-base titration is classified according to the strength of each component and has four types. As if the acid and base used were strong, this type of titration is known as strong acid-strong base titration and also the same in the remaining cases where the name of the category changes with the strength or weakness of the titrants.

Analyte titration is performed using these acids and bases as titrants that go through the neutralization reaction. During this neutralization reaction, water was produced as a by-product. The base is kept in the titration flask, and the acid is added in the burette, the reaction occurs between these acids and bases in the form of H+ ions and OH- ions.

The volume measurement is taken for the amount of titrant that was added to the solution. Thus the volume of titrant required to react completely with a known amount of solution is recorded, and after putting values ​​into its chemical equation as in stoichiometry, the concentration of the unknown solution is determined.

An acid and base indicator is added to the base solution to determine the end point of the titration. The change in color of that determinant when the solution changes its nature from acidic to basic or vice versa indicates the end point of the titration. When the neutralization reaction is complete, any additional drops of acid cause a change in the color of the solution as the nature of the solution changes.

What is redox titration?

The redox titration is carried out in the presence of two redox species that can be oxidized and reduced in order to carry out the titration of the analyte. Both oxidation and reduction reactions take place in the same solution at the same time.

One of these redox species is oxidized as the reaction goes to completion and the other is reduced. The oxidizing substance releases electrons and the reducing substance gains electrons completing the redox reaction. As electrons gain and lose they stay the same, the charge stays the same in the overall reaction.

In some cases, such as MnO ₄ ^, color changes during the reaction indicate the end point or track the state of the reaction. But cases like the reduction of iodine to iodide by thiosulfate require starch as an indicator of the end point of the reaction. This starch is also used as an indicator when wines are analyzed for sulfur dioxide using iodine solution as a titrant.

The starch here represents the end point when the blue starch-iodine complex results after excess iodine in solution, indicating the end point of the solution. Unlike the acid-base titration, in these titration reactions special indicators are used for end point determination. In the case of redox titrations, the analyte can be titrated using specific substances, as these types of titrations are very specific and require substances that have the ability to be reduced or oxidized and are therefore seen to occur commonly among d block elements. As in the cases of Fe2 + / Fe3 +, Cr3 + / Cr6 +, which have the ability to participate in a redox reaction since they have a variable oxidation number.

1. Acid-base titration of an analyte takes place in the presence of acid and base to form the resultant. In contrast, the redox titration of an analyte takes place in the presence of two redox species.
2. Acid-base titration involves a neutralization reaction, which also results in the formation of water leading to analyte titration; on the other hand, redox titration involves oxidation and reduction reactions of the titrant redox species only.
3. In acid-base titration, the end point is determined by the pH of the reaction which varies depending on the acids or bases involved and no special indicator is required, on the other hand, the end point for redox titration is determined by redox indicators. specials.
4. Acid-base titration is more common and can be performed between an analyte and an acid or base, and also does not depend on the strength or weakness of the acids and bases. In contrast, redox titration is specific in that it requires substances that have the ability to be reduced or oxidized and is therefore seen to occur commonly among d-block elements.

Final Thoughts

Acid-base titration of an analyte is carried out in the presence of acid and base which act as titrant through the neutralization reaction; however, the redox titration of an analyte takes place in the presence of two redox species through the reaction of oxidation and reduction.